The hybrid vehicle (HV) and electric vehicle (EV) markets have experienced rapid growth in recent years and are expected to grow further in the future as environmental issues and crude oil prices continue to rise. The popularization of energy-efficient vehicles and the promotion of driving ecology require innovation in improving motor operation, reducing energy consumption and reducing system costs.
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In addition, artistic elements and game-like sensations also add eco-driving skills to the indicator function. More and more devices can display the interior and surroundings of the car, such as dashboard displays, central displays, and heads-up displays. These display devices need to intuitively convey the car and its surroundings to the driver through high definition images.
In this sense, we are in an era where consumers choose their cars based on both driving control and driver assistance. To meet this requirement, Fujitsu Semiconductor has introduced the MB91580 series of 32-bit microcontrollers for HV/EV motor control and the system LSI MB86R11 for driver assistance display control. Let's take a look at the specific functions and features of the two devices, and how they play a role in the car.
MB91580's drive motor control advantage
The MB91580 series is an energy-saving automotive drive motor control chip that Fujitsu Semiconductor has launched in line with market demand. A member of the FR family of high-performance 32-bit flash embedded microcontrollers (MCUs), the family is widely used in drive motor control for electric and hybrid vehicles.
This series has a dedicated embedded resolver sensor interface, which can openly control the three-phase motor used in EV and HV, and realize the high torque response control process necessary for EV/HV drive motor to improve motor operation and reduce energy consumption. .
In addition, built-in peripheral functions for high torque response control processes reduce system cost and enable high speed feedback control. The 12-bit A/D converter and R/D converter, which detect current and motor position with high precision, can detect the electrical angle and synchronize with the A/D converter that detects the three-phase current.
The dedicated floating-point unit (FPU) integrated in the 160DMIPS high-performance CPU utilizes information processing vector conversion and PID control operations generated by built-in peripheral functions. This feature helps improve motor operation and reduce energy consumption by enabling further fast feedback control. In addition, by suppressing the CPU load associated with motor control, the system can be controlled instead of the power motor (DC/DC converter and battery management, etc.), which helps to reduce overall cost through system integration.
MB86R11 image display advantage
Figure 1: Fujitsu's active green contribution
Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles have three major innovations: the first is the innovation of electronic control units (ECUs) to improve the performance of locomotives produced by hybrid and electric vehicle motors. Using the ECU can improve the controllability of the motor without changing the current hardware, including the motor and inverter. The second innovation is to significantly reduce system costs through overall optimization methods, including system reconfiguration. The third innovation is to improve the inverter module to further meet the power and energy requirements, and to significantly improve energy efficiency by using components that exceed current IGBT loss characteristics.
To help customers achieve innovation, Fujitsu continues to develop products that focus on LSI and software, providing timely solutions. Figure 2 is the three major innovations that drive the further development of hybrid and electric vehicles.
Figure 2: Three innovations in the development of hybrid and electric vehicles
ECU innovation
Meeting the high torque response of hybrid and electric vehicles requires loop control to accurately detect motor operating conditions and calculate the level of control of high speed feedback information. The MB91580 series of microcontrollers with built-in R/D converters is a solution for ECU innovation. The focus is on achieving effective loop control. For example, the built-in 12-bit A/D converter and R/D converter of the MB91580 series can detect the current and position of the motor with high speed and high precision, as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3: Motor Control Algorithm
The electrical angle of the resolver is calculated by the R/D converter, which can lock the special function registers synchronously with the three-phase current detected by the A/D converter. The SIN (sine) and COS (cosine) values ​​of the electrical angle can also be automatically calculated in the single precision floating point format (IEE754 standard). This will increase the computational speed by 10% to 15% compared to the fixed point approach using traditional custom formats.
Cost innovation
One of the keys to the popularity of hybrid and electric vehicles is to reduce costs. This can be done through system integration. Figures 4 and 5 are block diagrams of the innovations achieved through system integration of the battery management ECU and the DC-DC control ECU.
Figure 4: Integrating system features to reduce costs: BMS integration
Figure 5: System function integration to reduce costs: DC-DC integration
These integrations can be achieved by integrating ECU control and motor control in the microcontroller. As mentioned earlier, Fujitsu's MCU can suppress CPU load rate through motor control, so it can perform battery management control and DC-DC control at the same time.
Energy saving innovation
In terms of driving assistance, the MB86R11 can implement Passive Green to help drivers experience a green lifestyle that challenges fuel consumption. The driver can use the indicator function to check how to achieve eco-driving. The image display function of the MB86R11 can freely switch display information according to the driving scene and support safe driving, including vehicle boundary inspection using camera images, to provide easy-to-use eco-driving assistance for the driver.
In addition, Fujitsu is using its GaN HEMT technology to solve energy-saving innovations in hybrid vehicle and electric vehicle drive control. We can wait and see.
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