The relay is both a control switch and a control object (actuator). Take the fuel pump relay as an example, it is the control switch of the fuel pump, but the coil of the fuel pump relay can only form a loop through the ground point of the electronic control unit when the transistor in the electronic control unit is turned on.
The role of the relay is to control the large current at the same time to protect the switch with a small current. Like the horn, starter, headlight, etc. due to the large amount of current required, it is easy to cause ablation of the electric shock of the switch. If there is a relay, only a small current flows through the control switch and it is not easy to cause the switch to ablate.
When a certain voltage or current is applied to both ends of the electromagnetic relay coil, the magnetic flux generated by the coil passes through the magnetic circuit composed of the iron core, the yoke, the armature, and the working air gap of the magnetic circuit. Under the action of the magnetic field, the armature attracts the pole face of the iron core. As a result, the normally closed contact of the contact is opened, and the normally open contact is closed; when the voltage or current at both ends of the coil is less than a certain value, and the mechanical reaction force is greater than the electromagnetic attraction, the armature returns to the initial state, and the normally open contact is opened. The normally closed contact is closed.
Then, the automobile relay can be regarded as an assembly composed of two parts: a control circuit for coil operation and a main circuit for contact operation. In the control circuit of the relay, there is only a small working current. This is because the contact capacity of the operating switch is small, and it cannot be used to directly control the load with large power consumption. It can only be controlled through the contact of the relay. On and off.
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