It is worth mentioning that this is the first time that the entire industrial chain, including heat collection, heat storage, heat transfer, power generation, and grid connection, has been localized. “Before building a solar thermal power plant, I had to go to Italy to buy a heat collecting tube, go to Spain to buy a mirror, go to Switzerland to buy a bracket, and go to Chile to buy lava salt.†Guan Jingdong, chairman of Tianjin Binhai CSP, said that now You can buy related products in the entire industry chain, "the price is very low, the quality is better."
The direct benefit brought by “Made in China†is to reduce the cost significantly. Experts predict that by 2020, cleaner and more efficient CSP will no longer be just “Yangchun White Snowâ€, and its cost will be reduced to thermal power.
“The innovative printing machine started!â€
The "brain" that makes the world's first high-temperature molten salt cell type solar thermal power generation platform operate is located in Tianjin Binhai High-tech Zone, which is more than 2,000 kilometers away from Akesai, Gansu. This national-level independent innovation demonstration zone has invested 4.5 billion yuan to draw 580 mu of land, which has high hopes for this "unlimited" CSP project - to build China's first annual production capacity of 200 MW, with international The advanced level of solar thermal power generation technology research and development and industrialization base is scheduled to be commissioned and put into production in the first half of 2017. After the project is fully produced in 2018, the annual output value is expected to exceed 10 billion yuan.
Everything is saying goodbye to tradition in an innovative way. In addition to the world's most advanced technology, this is the first national-level public energy demonstration project in Tianjin to adopt government and social capital cooperation projects. The Tianjin Binhai New Area Government has granted private enterprises franchise for 30 years, and the central government has given policy support. In October this year, it became the first photovoltaic project to be approved for the national ppp demonstration project.
Innovation brings real economic benefits. The “13th Five-Year Plan for Power Development†has foreseen the prospect: by 2020, China’s solar power installed capacity will reach 110 million kilowatts, of which the total installed capacity of CSP will be 5 million kilowatts. . This will drive direct investment of hundreds of billions of yuan and indirect investment of one trillion yuan.
Ni Xiangyu, secretary of the Tianjin Binhai High-tech Zone Working Committee, cited a set of data: According to the current planning target of the National Energy Administration, from 2020 to 2030, the CSP industry will become one of the leading industries in energy construction. Billion-level market. According to the World Energy Research Association, if the CSP industry will account for 11% to 16% of the global energy supply in 2030, then this decade is a trillion-dollar market.
Up to now, Binhai Solar has signed a development agreement for 10×50 MW CSP with 8 local governments including Akesai County and Dunhuang City in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, with a total installed capacity of 4 million kilowatts. The scale is about 160 billion yuan.
“The innovative printing machine started!†said Ni Xiangyu.
More efficient and stable than wind and photovoltaic
After successfully implementing 24-hour continuous power generation on the grid-connected CSP platform in Axe, Gansu, Guan Jingdong announced that the power generation duration of this technology has represented the highest international technical standards.
The same is to the sun to energy, and the use of semiconductor silicon to convert light energy directly into electrical energy photovoltaic power generation, photothermal power generation is through the concentrating device to collect sunlight into the heat sink, heating the molten salt in the heat sink, High-temperature gas or fluid is generated by heat transfer and heat transfer, and then converted into alternating current by mechanical work.
Guan Jingdong said that the advantages of CSP are obvious compared with new energy generation technologies such as wind and photovoltaic. In addition to the advantage of power generation time, the efficiency of CSP is about 10% higher than that of traditional wind energy and photovoltaic power generation.
"Because of the desire to stabilize power generation and increase profitability in 24 hours, we have chosen high-temperature molten salt tank power generation technology as a breakthrough direction." Guan Jingdong explained that according to the different ways of collecting light, solar thermal power generation can be divided into four types. Technical route: trough, tower, dish, Fresnel. Among them, trough and tower are currently two mainstream photothermal utilization technologies.
At present, more than 83% of the world's CSP systems use troughs. Although the cost is high, the system is relatively stable. The tower has been built more in the international market because the investment is relatively small and the income is relatively fast, but its heat is difficult to stabilize and the technology is not yet mature.
The choice of heating medium is also very particular. Due to the different melting points of the medium, the corresponding heat storage time varies greatly. It can be heated to 580 degrees with high temperature molten salt as the medium, and the heat storage time is up to ten hours. That is to say, 24 hours of uninterrupted power generation can be realized, and the amount of power generation can be adjusted according to the peaks and valleys of the electricity. "For example, the salt can be used to melt the salt in the evening, which can be used for power generation, summer cooling, and winter heating. "These are only 100-degree boiling water medium and 360-degree boiling point heat transfer oil can not be completed.
The cost of independent research and development technology is reduced by about half.
Prior to this, there was no high-temperature molten salt tank power station on a global scale, and everything was just an idea for staying in the EU HITECO project.
Guan Jingdong and his technical team are aware of the enormous economic and social benefits behind this vision. “We spent more than 20 million euros to buy European patents, concepts and designs, and found that it was a hundred thousand miles away.â€
Everything must start from the beginning. However, the CSP system itself is like a sophisticated instrument and requires a large number of high-tech accessory products. At first, they could not find even suppliers in China. "For example, mirrors can only produce TV screens in China at the time, but the electric field needs 2 square meters; the heat collecting tubes need to withstand high temperatures of 550 degrees or more; the accuracy of tracking the sun is not up to To plus or minus 1.2 milliradians..." And if these are bought from abroad, the cost is terrible.
“A mirror is bought from Europe, 1 piece for 150 euros, and we need 400,000 pieces for one power plant. The high-temperature molten salt bought from Chile costs 1,000 euros and 1 ton; the Italian heat collecting tube costs 13,000 euros, and the tracking device is more It is up to several million euros..." Localization has become the only option for survival. Since 2015, Guanjingdong has established the world's first solar thermal industrial park in Tianjin, dedicated to research and development, technology introduction, equipment manufacturing, system integration and planning and design of solar thermal power plants. , construction, operation and maintenance, “self-developed a number of high-quality mirrors, heat collecting tubes and other ancillary products, the production cost has dropped by about half.â€
Up to now, it has been registered to include 9 companies including Photothermal Technology Research Institute, CSP equipment manufacturing, and CSP investment. Guan Jingdong said that through the introduction, digestion, absorption and innovation of top technology achievements from Italy, Germany, Switzerland and other countries, the Industrial Park already has a complete set of core technologies for molten salt trough solar thermal power generation, and obtained 168 patents for photothermal technology. More than 400 patents are being applied for, and all technical indicators have reached the world's leading level.
In the next step, if mass production is achieved, the cost of CSP will be really reduced to the level of thermal power. “In the next few years, the cost will be reduced to 5 cents.â€
Drive the energy industry to develop in the solar thermal industry cluster
What Ni Xiangyu values ​​more is the huge pull of the photovoltaic project in the transformation of other traditional industries in Tianjin in the next few years. “The steel and glass industries related to it will bring subversive changes.â€
It is worth noting that CSP and other forms of energy are not exclusive, but complementary development. Photothermal power generation can solve the shortcomings of wind power and photovoltaic. Originally built wind power and photovoltaic power stations, it is necessary to build a thermal power station to support it. Now it is possible to build a solar thermal power station. That is to say, the future new energy power station will be completely out of thermal power, a veritable new energy power station. "To develop the solar energy industry, it must be photovoltaic, light and heat, and complement each other."
Ni Xiangyu said that Tianjin High-tech Zone has gathered a number of world-class new energy companies to achieve rapid growth in the scale of new energy industries. It has very many new energy technologies in wind power, green energy storage batteries, solar photovoltaics, LEDs, smart grids, etc. Strong competitiveness has initially formed an influential industrial cluster, “mobilizing the enthusiasm of these energy enterprises, strengthening close cooperation among enterprises, linkage development, cooperating and supporting each other in project construction, and demonstrating the first batch of light and heat The project is practical and well-made, which will drive China's CSP industry to start."
The era of new energy to replace thermal power will come. Guan Jingdong made an image analogy: "If you compare new energy into a crown, then CSP is the jewel in the crown. This pearl is in Tianjin, in the hands of our Chinese."
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