I. Domestic PV power plant policy situation
As the European and American markets gradually become cold due to the influence of the double-reverse policy, many domestic PV companies gradually shift their sights to the development of domestic PV power plant projects, which are mainly due to the following two points:
1. The government has successively issued a series of guidelines on photovoltaic power price subsidy policy and financial support for the real economy, and refined the standardization and operation plan for PV power generation and sales.
2. In the case of the decline in profit margins of upstream manufacturing components, batteries, etc., traditional manufacturers enter the downstream development power station, driving their huge inventory of battery components, and at the same time gaining additional revenue by transferring the power station later.
Under the stimulus conditions of relevant domestic favorable policies, China has surpassed Germany for the first time and has become the world's largest PV market. With the rise of the domestic PV market, the state has also issued a number of complementary policies, especially for distributed photovoltaic power plants, giving more policy support, and in some areas, the local government has also introduced a certain subsidy policy. Create a photovoltaic city.
Second, the current status and trends of domestic PV power plant development
Recently, with the frequent introduction of favorable policies in the industry and the continuous recovery of demand in the photovoltaic market, some listed companies have entered the photovoltaic industry across the border. With the recent release of some new policies from the relevant state departments and the impact of the central bank's interest rate cuts, the photovoltaic industry may continue to pick up.
In the past two years, the national level has intensified support policies and continuously injected confidence into the market. The latest example is the National Energy Administration issued the “Notice of the National Energy Administration on the implementation plan for the construction of photovoltaic power generation in 2015†on March 17. One of the highlights is that the scale of new PV power plant construction in 2015 was 17.8GW, which was much higher than last year's 14GW target. It also exceeded the 15GW that was pre-predicted by the market. This notice was widely evaluated by the industry as a strong agent for the industry, and the market is generally optimistic about the photovoltaic market in 2015.
Distributed photovoltaic power generation refers to a construction method that is different from centralized photovoltaic power generation. It is generally built on the user side, and the power produced is mainly used by itself. It has the characteristics of small capacity, low voltage level, close to load, and little impact on the power grid. It can be applied to industrial plants, public buildings and residential roofs. Distributed photovoltaic power generation makes full use of the characteristics of solar energy, and avoids the site limitation factors of centralized construction, and has the characteristics of flexible construction. In addition, in terms of subsidies for electricity, the subsidies for distributed self-sufficient self-supplemented Internet access modes are smaller. From this perspective, the government will also be more inclined to support the development of distributed generation. In the east, distributed photovoltaic power generation will have broader development prospects and greater economic significance.
Third, photovoltaic power plant development process and cut-in channels
With the successive introduction of domestic PV policies and the shift of industry profit segments, the competition for the development of domestic PV power plants is becoming increasingly fierce. Here we briefly describe the preliminary processes and channels for project search and development of power stations.
Due to the differences in policies and construction conditions of ground power stations and distributed power stations, according to experience, the search for ground power stations and distributed power stations usually takes the following two different entry points:
Ground power station:
1. Features:
Large scale, usually occupying land, water surface, etc., there are many ground-based site selection options, and new land use modes are continuously developed. Ground-based site selection is concentrated in idle or abandoned land such as mountains, beaches, swamps, Gobi, deserts, contaminated land, etc. on. Once the relevant procedures have been completed, the national benchmark electricity price subsidy can be continuously enjoyed, so the income is stable. As a large-scale clean energy investment project, the ground photovoltaic power station is an important merchant for local investment attraction and a large local tax payment. Therefore, it will also be highly valued by the local government, and the financial subsidy policy will be clear. Relevant departments will strictly follow the national regulations. carried out.
2. Development process:
The development of the ground power station and the project search mainly have the following processes:
a. Market research: Inspect the indicators and construction of ground power stations in various places, compare and evaluate local policies and natural conditions, and select areas with good sunshine and good local policies as priority development areas. And also need to understand the provincial energy bureau's allocation of PV ground power station indicators and the development of the same industry manufacturers.
b. On-site investigation of the power station project: Conduct a site-based technical survey on the project site under the conditions of the local government, including the nature of the land, the available land area, the topography, the geological conditions and the access point. On-the-spot observation of land availability and grid access conditions, in addition to local conditions using googleearth and CAD to determine the available land area, calculate installed capacity and theoretical power generation, and assess the return on investment.
c. Engage with the local government and sign the relevant intentional agreement: negotiate with the local government on land leasing, cooperative development, project declaration, etc., obtain support from the local government, and determine the cooperation of the project.
3. Cut into the channel:
Due to the large-scale investment in the construction of ground power stations, it has a certain impact on the local investment attraction indicators, and the sound and stable economic benefits of photovoltaic power plants have positive significance for local taxation. The land used for photovoltaic ground power stations, such as tidal flats and barren hills, can increase the efficiency of local land use and bring economic growth to the local area.
Therefore, according to our past experience, when looking for ground power station projects, we basically approached the local investment promotion bureaus through their respective methods or other channels to understand the local intentions of PV investment and related environmental conditions, and cut in by means of investment attraction. And the local China Merchants Bureau can provide a lot of help in the subsequent signing and procedures.
Roof distributed power station:
1. Features:
Compared with large-scale ground photovoltaic power plants, distributed photovoltaic power plants can be perfectly combined with buildings in densely populated cities, and modularized according to construction site restrictions. The scale and power transmission and transformation modes are flexible and diverse. The generated power does not need to be transported on site for long distances, which can reduce the initial investment and make up for the peak power consumption of local electricity. And the construction approval of distributed power stations is simpler, in line with the state's push for distributed policy guidance, and subsidy indicators are sufficient.
2. Development process:
Distributed development can be divided into:
a. Project site search: Due to the speciality of distributed PV power plant construction, the roof suitable for distributed installation needs to meet certain relevant conditions, such as: roof load needs to meet the bearing requirements, slope orientation needs to face south, need to have a certain available area, The company's electricity consumption is stable and convenient for local consumption. Therefore, in the search for a suitable roof, it is necessary to consider more convenient factors and seek a construction site that can provide relatively stable construction conditions.
b. On-site investigation of power station project: Under the condition of finding a cooperative enterprise with intention, due to the many factors affecting the distributed construction, it is necessary to evaluate the power consumption capacity and the peak value of electricity consumption for the enterprises that provide roof enterprises or grid-connected enterprises. Change assessment, including load calculation, installed capacity estimation and power generation calculation.
c. Engage with relevant enterprises and relevant departments to sign relevant agreements: distributed photovoltaic power plants do not need to occupy land, thus eliminating a series of formalities such as land pre-trial, soil and water conservation, but occupying the roof of the relevant enterprise for construction and eliminating electricity on site. Therefore, it is necessary to negotiate with the relevant enterprises to sign the relevant roof lease agreement. According to the “Notice of the National Energy Administration on Further Implementing the Policies Related to Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generationâ€, distributed photovoltaic power plants can be classified as “spontaneous self-use, surplus electricity access†or “full online access†according to the power consumption mode, due to “spontaneous use, The "Electric Internet" model has higher profits, so it is also used by more companies, so it is necessary to sign a power sale agreement with the relevant enterprises.
3. Cut into the channel:
In 2014, the National Energy Administration introduced stimulating policies to promote distributed generation. However, due to the uncertainties of distributed power generation, such as unstable income, high risk, and difficult financing, the 8GW indicator given by the National Energy Administration did not. Completed, so when looking for distributed projects, you can coordinate with the local Development and Reform Commission to find the right development zone and roof resources as an entry point. In addition, you can also find suitable roof resources by visiting local development zone management committees and enterprises.
4. Personal thoughts on developing power station development work
In view of the differences between distributed and terrestrial power plants, domestic PV power plants are still dominated by large-scale ground power plants. From the perspective of domestic PV application market segments, domestic new PV installed capacity and cumulative installed capacity are mainly concentrated in large-scale ground power stations. However, it can be seen from the policy performance that distributed photovoltaic power plants suitable for economically developed areas such as East China are more highly regarded by the government. And the subsidy indicators are abundant, and it has become a hot spot for many companies.
Regarding the development of photovoltaic power station projects, individuals feel that they need to upgrade and expand their business scope from the perspective of the company and individuals:
Company level: Effective use of company platforms and business channels
In the construction of photovoltaic power plants, especially at the level of ground power station construction, the company's background and competitiveness are particularly important. The development of power stations is inseparable from the national record indicators. At present, the domestic ground power station indicators are tight, and the distributed indicators are abundant. Even some provinces are talking about the ground power station indicators and distributed indicators. Enterprises can give full play to their advantages in financing and channel network advantages.
Personal level: grasp the market trends and seize the fine details
Individual employees, as a member of the company, are the specific implementers of corporate policies and business implementation. The photovoltaic industry is constantly changing and policy-oriented, and it is timely to sniff industry trends and feedback market information in business direction; business implementation through company or personal network Dig into the regions to explore potential projects. The development procedures for ground power stations are cumbersome, and there are differences in policies in various regions. The development of distributed power plants needs to be deeply integrated into development zones, enterprises, and governments to complete related coordination and formalities. Therefore, employees need to be improved at the individual level.
V. Conclusion
Under the guidance of a series of national policies, the investment and construction speed of photovoltaic power plants is accelerating, and the domestic market is gradually opening up. Although the development of photovoltaic power plants is still subject to many factors, especially the distributed power stations with vast space, the investment in photovoltaic power plants has become photovoltaic. The development logic of the choice of industrial extension is also very clear. In the increasingly competitive power station development market, in order to strive for more high-quality resources, the pre-development of the power station as the forefront of the power station business is also of increasing importance.
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