1, the sound is wide
Frequency bandwidth, small distortion, long linearity, large dynamic range, and even distribution, the energy in the middle and low frequency bands is more prominent, the proportion of reverberation sound is appropriate, and the sound range is wide and full and comfortable.
2, the sound is narrow (narrow)
The high and low frequencies are lacking at both ends, the frequency band is not wide, the reverberation is short, and the intermediate frequency is too prominent. If the multi-frequency tone compensator is used to increase too much at 800 Hz, the sound is narrow, the treble is lacking in level, and the bass is full. Narrow is the antisense of wide sound.
3, the sound is bright (bright)
Sometimes referred to as clarity or brightness in the evaluation. The bass range, the midrange is moderate, the treble energy is sufficient, and the harmonics are rich in the slow decay process. At the same time, the reverberation sound ratio is appropriate, the distortion is small, and the transient response is good. Brightness is a prerequisite for improved clarity and intelligibility. The brightness is good. Listening will give people a kind and active feeling. It sounds effortless and the sound is bright and outstanding.
4, the sound is dark
This is a reaction lacking high frequency and medium frequency, especially in the case of 5000-6000 Hz or more, the recording room or listening room has poor acoustic conditions, and the medium and high frequency reverberation time is short, and the sound is dark in the sense of hearing. Dumb and glory. Dark is the antisense of light.
5, the sound is thick
The sound is thick and powerful, the bass is full, the high sound is not lacking, there is a certain brightness, the low frequency and the medium and low frequency energy are strong, especially the sound of 200-500 Hz comes out, the mixing partner is four, the low frequency reverb is not lacking, and the distortion is small. The peak amplitude of the volume meter is not necessarily high when recording and playing, but the loudness is relatively large. If the microphone is properly processed in combination with the requirements of the picture in the film and television, it can give a very close-looking sound. Some units are called "thick".
6, sound thin
The tone is thin, lacks strength, poor resonance, less reverberation, lower average energy level, lack of low frequency and intermediate frequency, and the overall frequency response is too much attenuation below 300-500 Hz, which will have a thin feeling. Some units are called "single" and are thick antonyms.
7, the sound is round (rounded)
The frequency band is wide, the sound quality is pure, the distortion is very small, there is a certain strength and brightness, the bass is not bad, the midrange is not hard, the treble is not hairy, the transient response is good, the ratio of reverberation and direct sound, reverberation characteristics, time are compared Appropriate, aural sense: fullness, brightness, clarity, and high fax.
8, the sound is flat
Round and flat are commonly used evaluation terms in the music department, which means that the frequency band is narrow, the sound is thin, the sound quality is impure, the distortion is large, or the reverb sound is insufficient, and the fullness is not good. Such as multi-microphone, multi-channel recording, including the phase between the sound field of the studio is very important, the phase is wrong, the sound is flat and narrow, the bass is missing, the distortion is large, and the fullness is poor. The flat is the antisense of the circle, and some units are called "瘪".
9, the sound is soft
There are two kinds of concepts, one is poor evaluation, which means that there is a lack of middle and high notes, the main tone is not prominent enough, the sound is not strong, and the other is a good evaluation. For example, some electroacoustic workers in the south call it “糯†or “softâ€. It means that the distortion is small, the damping is good, the frequency band of the low frequency band is widened, the sound is slack, the low frequency and the low frequency are obtained, the reverberation sound is moderate, and the hearing feels soft and comfortable.
10, the sound is hard
The bass is missing, the middle and high frequency are too much, and the high frequency harmonics decay too short and too fast, the low frequency reverberation sound is short, there is obvious intermodulation distortion, the transient response is not good, the damping is poor, there is a little in the electroacoustic system or recording and playback process. Overloading or excessively high amplitude when recording a program will create a hard feeling. Hard, some dramas and music workers in the South are also called "stalks", which are soft antisense.
11, the sound has moisture (or oil)
The distortion is very small, the frequency response is wide and uniform, the sound comes out, there is a certain degree of loudness and brightness, the ratio of reverberation sound to direct sound is appropriate, especially the medium and high frequency reverberation sound is sufficient, and the sense of hearing is not dry, round, there is Moisture.
12, sound dry
Mainly in the studio, the listening room sound conditions are poor, the diffusion is not good, the reverberation time is short, especially the lack of high-frequency reverberation sound, it sounds dry and laborious.
In order to improve the sound quality, irregular arc-shaped diffusion plates are often added in the recording studio to increase the reflection sound or to use an artificial reverberator.
13, sound through (transparency)
The distortion is small, the transient response is good, the frequency response is wide and uniform, the medium and high frequency and high frequency are available, and the reverb sound is suitable, especially the medium and high frequency reverberation is sufficient, the bass is not paste, there is a certain strength, the sound is clear and bright, The layering is good and the tone is transparent.
14, sound paste
That is, the ambiguity is ambiguous, the tone is a piece of paper, the bass is too much, the low frequency reverberation time is too long, the medium and high frequency is lacking, there is intermodulation distortion, or the sound seems to be covered with a veil, and the brightness is bright and clear. The degree is poor and the level is unclear.
15, the sound is real
Strong, medium and low frequency sound energy average energy level is large, high frequency and medium frequency is not lacking, direct sound ratio is strong, reverberation sound is moderate, sound is thick, bright, small distortion, high loudness. As explained in the movie news film, the microphone will be closer to the sound source, and there will be a strong main voice and a strong sound.
16, the sound is empty
The reverberation is too large, the proportion of the direct sound is too small, the direction of the microphone is not aligned with the sound source, the microphone is too far away from the sound source, or the sound source is received by the non-directional microphone in the case of large reverberation, and the sound is empty and clear. Poor, the main tone is not prominent, and even the direction of the sound source is not clear.
17, the sound swing
There are also two concepts for this term. One is good evaluation, the middle and high notes are not lacking, the bass is rich and nice, the low frequency band is widened, and there is enough energy, the sound is slack and elastic, and the reverberation, especially the low frequency reverberation, is slightly larger. The distortion is small. If there is a multi-frequency tone compensator to increase the sound of 4-6 decibels at 80-150 Hz, the bass is full of sound. The second is the poor evaluation. If the bass is excessively exaggerated, the sound is out of balance, or the sound source itself lacks low frequency, and the low frequency resonance peak of the speaker (box) causes resonance, or damping, and the transient response is not good, it will produce a kind of The additional "bass" is dull in hearing, lacking brightness and level, which is a kind of distortion, which is a non-high fidelity sound quality.
18, sound wood
The bass or mid-bass is more, the sound spread is poor, the reverberation is short, the sound is not active, the dull, the medium and high frequency and the high frequency are lacking, and the wood is the antisense of the sound.
19, the sound is soft (or loose)
Low frequency and medium and low frequency energy is sufficient, sound is thick, slack, not tight, loudness is appropriate, reverberation sound is slightly larger, distortion is small, transient response is good, medium and high frequency, high frequency is appropriate, in the main frequency band, the frequency response is relatively uniform, and A certain brightness, it sounds effortless, the sound is full and soft.
20, the sound tip
The frequency response is unevenly distributed, lacking bass, medium and high sounds, especially high treble components, large distortion, and harsh hearing.
21, the sound is thick
The low-frequency sound energy density is relatively large, the medium-high frequency is relatively small, the tone color is rough, the intensity is large, and the clarity and reverberation are poor.
22, the sound is fine
The sound energy density is small, the loudness is not enough, the sound is slender and weak, the low frequency, the middle high frequency and the high frequency are lacking, and the reverberation sound is insufficient. For example, some sound sources themselves are finely pronounced and lack resonance. It is the antisense of thick voice.
23, sound bomb
The south is sometimes called "ç…ž", the sound energy density is large, the bass is suitable, the midrange is sufficient, there is a certain loudness, the distortion is small, the dynamic is large, the frequency response is wide, such as multi-microphone close-range processing plus artificial reverberation as long as the appropriate amount I feel the focus, the sound is sent, and there is patience.
24, the sound shrinks
The sound energy density is small, the sound can not be sent out, the intermediate frequency is lacking, the reverberation sound is low, the loudness is low, and the distortion is large. For example, in some theaters with poor acoustic conditions, the reverberation is short and the diffusion is not good. The actors speak loudly and the sound still does not come out. They always feel that the sound source is farther away, the definition is poor, and the sound is not full.
25, the voice is clear
The frequency response is wide and uniform, especially in the middle and high frequency, the tone is bright, and the reverberation is suitable. Especially, the near-reflex sound within 50ms can increase the loudness and improve the definition, the distortion is small, and the transient response is good. Long reverberation, low sound level, high noise, and poor acoustic properties in recording or listening places can affect clarity.
26, the voice is turbid
Low frequency and medium and low frequency reverberation is too large or too much energy, the proportion of direct sound is small, the main melody is not prominent enough, lack of medium and high frequency, poor brightness, harmonic distortion or intermodulation distortion, and poor transient response will give people a kind of The sound is turbid, the definition is poor, and the level is unclear.
Nos. 27-30, 31-33, 34-35, 36-38, 39-41 are several sets of basic similarities, with similar meanings, but to a certain extent, different evaluation terms.
27, the sound is hairy
High frequency and medium and high frequency are too much, and the distortion is large, and there is instantaneous overload phenomenon, the damping is poor, the square wave has parasitic oscillation, and the high frequency additional sound is felt in the hearing, and the sound is rough and unclean.
28, sound sand
Wide-band distortion, additional high-order harmonics, and transient distortion, overload distortion in electro-acoustic devices, audio devices, such as cross-connect capacitor leakage in tube amplifiers, static in transistor amplifiers If the current is too low, the speaker voice coil is scattered or touched, and the actor's voice is not good, which may cause a hoarse feeling.
29, the sound is fried
The sound energy density is too large, and the high frequency and medium and high frequency are too much. In the recording and reproducing sound or sound reinforcement system, the amplitude modulation distortion is severe, and there is a phenomenon of overloaded topping.
30, the sound is broken
The sound energy density is too high, with severe harmonics and intermodulation distortion. From the sensor can withstand the maximum sound level of the sound source to the mixer, the linear reserve is reserved to the power headroom of the amplifier and the speaker. If any level has overload clipping distortion, it will have a broken feeling, and the serious will be accompanied by “ The murmur of the flutter, the residual magnetic induction magnetic level on the recording tape is too high, and the optical recording vocal tract has a severe over-modulation amplitude and also produces a broken sound quality. Broken, some units are called "劈".
31, the sound is boring
No high and medium highs. There is severe attenuation above 3000-4000 Hz, high frequency reverberation is insufficient, and low frequency energy is excessive, especially around 150 Hz. The low frequency linear distortion is large and the transient response is not good. The cause of boring is that the sound source itself is boring, the electro-acoustic system is dropped at a high frequency, the pickup position is improper, the head gap is offset, the magnetic powder blocks the magnetic head, or the magnetic tape and the magnetic head are not well fitted. Sometimes the acoustic condition of the studio is poor, or it is affected by the humidity of the air, so that the high frequency absorption is strong, the reverberation is short, and the medium and high frequency diffusion is poor, which also causes the sound to be stuffy.
32, sound å“„
The low IF section is exaggerated, has resonance, the frequency response is uneven, and the reverberation is too long. For example, when the reverberation is used improperly, there will be a kind of awkward "bathroom effect", and the multi-frequency tone is increased too much at 200-3000 Hz. It will produce a feeling of embarrassment and affect the clarity.
33. Sound ç“®
The nasal sound is heavy, just like the speaker has a cold nose (snoring the nose), and there is resonance in the frequency band of 100~250 Hz. If the lift is too much from the 150 Hz, the nasal sound will rise significantly and the sound will be awkward, which will seriously affect the clarity.
34. Sound scattered
The sound is not strong, the focus is virtual, the main melody is not prominent, the reverberation is too large, the intermediate frequency is lacking, and the frequency response is uneven. The studio is empty, the microphone is too far away, and the whole band is poorly integrated, and the sound is messy.
35. Voice is virtual (or called floating)
Generally, the directivity of the microphone is not aligned with the sound source, the sound focus is not true, or the sound source is too far away, the direct sound is not enough, the indirect sound is too much, the middle sound is lacking, the average sound level of the sound energy is small, the loudness is low, and the sharpness is poor. . In the recording and playback system, due to the unstable speed, the position of the tape is swung and the level is shaken, and there is a sense of floating in the sense of hearing.
36. The sound is shaking and shaking
During the recording or playback process, the sound is shifted by the mechanical transmission, causing a continuous regular volume change, and the sound is trembling. If the cycle is very low frequency, the sound is not evenly shaken, and the shaking or shaking affects the sharpness.
37. The sound has a vibrato (shake echo)
This is mainly an acoustic defect in architectural acoustics. For example, the sound source sounds in two parallel planes, or has a curved dome, which is easy to cause a vibrating echo. It sounds like continuous overlapping sound, and even the sound has a trembling phenomenon, which seriously interferes with the clarity of the sound.
38. Sound jump
That is, incoherence, generally music, dialogue or singing feels a sudden change in volume, such as volume imbalance, grid frequency is unstable, and the tone is not uniform before and after, the background noise is not connected, the sound tail is cut off, the actors are inconsistent, the tape and If the head is in poor contact, it will feel audible and jump, unnatural. Especially like film shooting is composed of one lens, therefore, it is more important to pay attention to the coherent unity of sound.
39. The sound is crisp
Unsound frequency response, lack of low frequency, high frequency and high frequency, large distortion, thin sound, not thick, too much boost at 7000~8000 Hz, there is a brittle feeling.
40. Tooth sound too much or distortion
The tooth tone is also called S-sound, which is a reflection of the high-order harmonic transient distortion of the sound during the vibration process. The spectral energy of Chinese pronunciation is nearly 10 decibels higher than English and Hungarian in the middle and high frequency bands. The spectrum of the consonants is wider, and the airflow from the lungs is easy to cause irregular movement of the microphone diaphragm. Therefore, in the recording In the process, if the microphone is placed too close to the sound source and no windshield is added, it is easy to cause too much or too much distortion of the tooth sound, and there is a burr or a "beep" distortion in the hearing.
41. Lead skin sound (or metal sound)
A certain section of the middle and high frequency has a prominent or resonant peak, the frequency response is uneven, the distortion is large, the damping is not damped, and the transient response is not good. For example, a poor quality dynamic microphone or tweeter often feels hard and is accompanied by a lead sound, which is called metal sound in the north.
The following is a comprehensive subjective evaluation:
42. Fusion
Wide frequency response, small distortion, good signal-to-noise ratio, large dynamic range, etc., regardless of the volume and pitch of the song team or the band, the choice of reverberator, including: characteristics, time, proportion The whole sound blends together, showing that the overall sense of the band is good, rather than hearing the sound is discrete.
43. Clean
Between parts, between instruments, between languages, low noise, less interference, no additional components, low sound distortion, high fax, good transient response, moderate reverberation, especially low frequency reverberation, recording The noise level of the shed and the listening room is low, the acoustic conditions are good, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the recording and playback system is good.
44. Group feeling
Finger songs, bands, or some of them are tidy and sound blended with thickness, good level, strong momentum, strong overall sense, and a suitable dynamic range. For example, the arrangement of the microphone is reasonable, and the coverage of the performer is taken into consideration, and the retarder and the reverberation are appropriately utilized, which contributes to enhancing the sense of sound.
45. Three-dimensional sense
The sound is not only hierarchical, but also has a sense of space and distance. For stereo, it should reflect that the sound source is not in the same position in space, the sound image is clear, the width is good, and the recording and sound path is wide. The distortion is small, the mixing is suitable, and the dynamic range is large.
46. ​​Environmental sense
This is a common term used in analog techniques in the pickup process. More emphasis on film and television, the sound should match the environment in the picture, the proportion of the characters or instruments in the picture, the distance, the close-up, the close-up, the middle view, the distant view, the panoramic view; there are halls, valleys, indoors, wild, etc. The sound should have a sense of environment, depth, and distance. This is related to the ratio of direct sound and reverberation, the length of reverberation time, and the arrangement of volume, pitch, and microphone. Try to achieve the consistency of hearing and vision. The sound conforms to the specific atmosphere.
47. A sense of intimacy
This is a comprehensive evaluation with high requirements. He requires loudness, high definition, good naturalness, moderate reverberation, wide range, low distortion and low noise level, which makes people feel that they are in a concert hall with good sound conditions. The theater, the recording studio, listening directly to the band's performance, and speaking in person, feel intimate and natural.
48. Fullness
The sound is thick and round, the sound power is large, there is a certain loudness, the medium and high frequency is not lacking, the brightness is good, especially the low frequency and medium and low frequency energy is sufficient, the sound is sent out, the channel distortion is small, the transient response is good, the reverberation sound is sufficient. the amount. Sometimes called "warmness."
49. Balance
Generally speaking, balance has two meanings: one is the natural balance of the interior, that is, the balance between the songs and the various parts of the band and the balance between the main companions. Because it is inseparable from the specific office environment, that is, the architectural nature, the indoor nature Balance has two meanings of art and technology. The other is the balance of the sound pickup technology. If the natural balance in the room is good, and the finished recording is unbalanced, this is not the process technology. On the contrary, the indoor natural balance is lacking, but the process of picking up sounds properly, using technical means to make up for the shortcomings in the natural balance, so that the work has reached a balance, harmony, which is a very important work in our pickup technology.
50. Noise level
This is one of the important indicators of high fidelity sound quality. The low level of noise can improve the clarity of the sound or language and expand the dynamic range of the sound. The noise includes: background noise, the noise floor of the recording and playback equipment, the popping sound of the record base, the instrument performance and the actor’s speech. Noise, recording, ambient noise in the listening venue, and the presence or absence of echo or tremor echo.
51. Good level
The frequency response is wide and uniform, especially in the high frequency band, the distortion is small, the transient response is good, the reverberation sound is moderate, the reverberation time is suitable, the noise level is low, the dynamic range is large, the melody line and the texture of the work are clearly balanced, and the sound is sounded. It has a sense of space, good transparency and a strong sense of three-dimensionality.
52. Sound distortion
The distortion is small, the simulation is high, and the tone is pure. The sound is consistent with the picture, and there is a sense of space, distance, sound effect combined with the atmosphere, and the actors' emotions and moods conform to the prescribed situation.
53. Activity
It is the antisense of sound quality, dryness, and wood. The sound conditions in the studio and performance hall are good. Sound Yang is uniform, diffuse is good, reverberation is particularly moderate and high frequency is sufficient, and with a certain loudness and brightness, it feels active, it helps the music to be full and the language clear.
54, voice
Refers to one channel striking into another channel interferes with other sounds. Most of them use multi-microphone multi-channel or stereo recording. Due to improper microphone or actor placement, the sound field isolation of the studio is poor. The crosstalk or sheet-based tape magnetic tape is recorded higher due to the copying effect. Generally, the crosstalk between roads is greater than -70 decibels, and the crosstalk between the recorded soundtracks is greater than -50 decibels. The isolation between the voice parts of the recording studio is greater than 14 decibels.
55, direct sound loudness
The ratio of direct sound to reverb sound can be used to create a sense of space according to different needs. A certain direct sound plus the loudness generated by the recent launch sound can make the sound stand out. The reverb sound is too small, causing the sound to dry up.
56, reverberation loudness
It is the loudness relative to the direct sound, because different sound sources can choose different reverberation means (including reverberation time, proportion, characteristics) according to their needs. Correct use can improve the loudness and clarity of the sound. The beautification of the sound source.
Speakers with working frequency response range from 20~150Hz are called full range speakers.
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