Situation and response of collective power-type fire emergency lighting

1 Fire emergency lighting and evacuation signs As fire-fighting facilities that provide evacuation lighting and instructions to field personnel in the event of fire in buildings, they have been widely installed and used in various buildings, and become an indispensable part of building fire protection systems. Its performance is directly related to the life safety of the people in the building. In every major fire that has killed hundreds of people in China, almost all of them involve fire emergency lighting problems, such as Luoyang Dongdu Commercial Building and Jilin Zhongbai Shopping Mall. Even in the "911 incident" in the United States, fire emergency lighting and evacuation instructions in buildings did not play their due role in the event of a fire. In recent years, people from all walks of life have recognized the importance of fire emergency lighting and evacuation instructions, and fire emergency lighting has also been greatly developed.

Centralized power-type fire emergency luminaries are mainly composed of centralized emergency power supply and fire emergency luminaires. Due to the advantages of centralized power supply and centralized management, they have been widely developed in recent years, and most of them are installed in various scales. In the building. However, most of the centralized power-type fire emergency luminaires installed and used in various buildings do not meet the requirements of relevant national standards and norms, and there are great hidden dangers.

The author hereby talks about personal problems in the work for reference.

2 The lamps used in centralized power-type fire emergency luminaries are not fire emergency luminaries

In actual use, it is found that some of the centralized power-type fire emergency lighting fixtures, especially emergency lighting fixtures, are not fire emergency lighting fixtures, are ordinary lighting fixtures. When fire inspection, it is impossible to see which is the fire emergency lighting fixture. National standard requirements.

The national standard "Fire Emergency Lights" (GB17945-2000) has clear requirements for the performance of centralized power-type fire emergency lighting fixtures, mainly including the following aspects:

a. There should be a working status indicator to distinguish whether the working status of the fire emergency luminaire is normal, and also to distinguish between fire emergency luminaries and ordinary luminaires.

b. There should be a test button or test switch for testing whether the fire emergency luminaire can be switched to emergency work.

c. When the bulb (or lamp) is abnormal (including different specifications), the maximum surface temperature of the internal components of the lamp shall not exceed 90 °C. Fire emergency luminaires are also electrical equipment, which may cause fires. This requirement is to prevent fires caused by internal heat of fire emergency luminaries. At the same time, the bulb (or lamp) has different specifications, and the battery operation time and illumination are different, which may not meet the fire evacuation time requirement and illumination requirement.

d. The outer casing of the lamp should be made of non-combustible or non-combustible materials. The internal connection should be a wire with a temperature resistance of not less than 105 °C, which is used to prevent fires caused by the fire emergency lighting itself.

e. When the fluorescent lamp is used as the light source, the starter cannot be connected to the emergency circuit, in order to prevent the fire emergency light fixture from being transferred to the emergency working state.

The above five items are extremely important for the performance and safety performance of the luminaire, but ordinary luminaires cannot meet these requirements. Therefore, ordinary luminaires cannot be used instead of fire emergency luminaires.

3 continuous power supply time and emergency working time concept

At present, the continuous power supply time of the centralized power supply installed and used in each building is designed according to 30min, and each design institute also designs the centralized power supply capacity according to the continuous power supply time of 30min. The emergency working time of fire emergency luminaries required in "Fire Emergency Lighting" is not less than 90min, and the "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" (GB50016-2006) and "Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings" (GB50045-95, 2005 edition) The requirements for continuous power supply time are not less than 30min and 20min depending on the location. It seems that there is a contradiction between product standards and design specifications. As the main compiler of "Fire Emergency Lights", the author gives an explanation for this difference.

The emergency working time required in "Fire Emergency Lighting" is not less than 90min. This requirement is the requirement for the fire emergency lighting products to be shipped from the factory. It is considered that the performance of the battery during the service life of the product will decrease year by year due to factors such as charging and ambient temperature. Under this circumstance, it is still necessary to ensure that the product meets the requirements for continuous power supply time of the battery backup power supply during the period of its use and the emergency working time meets the "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" and "Fire Code for High-Rise Civil Building Design".

The battery will naturally decline in daily use and charge aging, see.

The battery life is basically 3 to 5 years. At an ambient temperature of 25 ° C, after 3 to 5 years of operation, the battery capacity is only 40% of the initial capacity. In this way, if the initial working time of the design is 90min, the working time of the battery should be 36min after working for 3~5 years. This is only the ideal environment and ideal use condition under the ambient temperature of 25°C. In conclusion, any emergency power source cannot always work under such ideal conditions. Therefore, the actual emergency working time after 3 to 5 years is about 30 minutes.

The performance of the battery is also directly related to the ambient temperature. It can be seen that the discharge capacity of the battery is directly related to the temperature. According to the maximum discharge current required in "Fire Emergency Lights" is not more than 0.6CA, the above curve shows that the discharge capacity of the battery under normal operating temperature of 30 °C is about 70%.

If you consider the normal use attenuation of the battery and the influence of the operating temperature, you can calculate that the capacity of the battery will drop to 28% after three years. If the emergency working time before leaving the factory is 90min, it will be maintained at 25min after three years. .

It can be seen that the emergency working time of fire emergency luminaries required in "Fire Emergency Lighting" shall not be less than 90min. The "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" and "Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings" shall not be less than the requirements for continuous power supply time according to the site. At 30min and 20min, it is reasonable and there is no contradiction between them.

4 Reasons for solving the above problems and suggestions I believe that there are some problems in the design and use of centralized power-type fire emergency luminaries. The main reasons are: a. There is no design of fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator system in China. Construction and acceptance specifications. The fire department has no technical basis in the construction, inspection and daily fire supervision.

b. Some design institutes, owners, and construction units lack a comprehensive understanding of the battery performance of centralized emergency power supplies, leading to confusion about the understanding of relevant specifications.

c. Some design institutes, owners and construction units have insufficient understanding of the relevant standards and specifications for fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator systems. In the project, ordinary lamps are used instead of fire emergency lamps.

According to the above three basic reasons, the author believes that the key to solving the problem should be: a. Formulate the design, construction and acceptance specifications of the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator system as soon as possible, standardize the design, construction and use, and also implement the supervision department according to law. Supervision provides a basis for greater operability.

b. Strengthen the training of fire protection regulations, strengthen the promotion of the performance and standards of fire emergency lighting products, and select qualified and suitable products in the design.

The designer shall design the continuous power supply time of the standby power supply in strict accordance with the national standard "Code for Design of Building Fire Protection" and "Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings"; the emergency lighting products shall meet the requirements for the emergency working time of "Fire Emergency Lights" not less than 90 minutes.

c. Strengthen fire safety inspections for the users. The fire supervision department shall intensify inspections, not only to check and accept the construction and new construction, but also to strengthen the performance test and inspection of the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator system in the daily fire supervision and inspection of key units. The maintenance and inspection system for the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator system shall be established within the unit to ensure the normal operation of the fire emergency lighting and evacuation indicator system.

5 Conclusion

The centralized emergency power supply and luminaires that constitute the centralized power-type fire emergency luminaire are fire-fighting products, and their performance is directly related to the life safety of the personnel in the place of use, and should be correctly designed and used.

About EI/AIW Enameled Copper Wire

Good resistance to abrasion and solvent.

Apply to B class motors, appliances, instrumentations, various types of electronic componentss and winding for coils.capable of working under extreme situations where strong resistibility against very hing and low temperature, powerful cryogen, hard radiation and forceful heat shock are needed.


Enameled Copper

  Class 200 Polyesterimide enameled copper wires over coated by polyamide-imide, Excellent heat shock resistance, excellent refrigerants, suit for high speed winding. Be suitable for refrigerator compressor and air condition compressor, microwave oven electric instrument and other pressuring motor.

Ei/Aiw Enameled Copper Wire

Enamel Copper Wire,Ei/Aiw Enameled Copper Wire,Enameled Copper Wire Motor,Polyester Copper Wire

HENAN HUAYANG COPPER GROUP CO.,LTD , https://www.huaonwire.com

This entry was posted in on