Lighting energy-saving design

Green lighting is lighting that saves energy, protects the environment, and improves people's production, work, learning efficiency and quality of life, and protects their physical and mental health. That is to say, under the premise of meeting the illumination requirements of the building, it is necessary to save energy and protect the environment. Therefore, in architectural lighting design, it is necessary to follow the corresponding national laws and regulations to implement green lighting.

The national standard "Architectural Lighting Design Standards" GB50034-2004 "Lighting Energy Evaluation" section specifies the lighting power density value as the lighting energy saving evaluation index, this indicator refers to the lighting installation power per unit area (including light source, ballast) Or transformer) to calculate, the unit is W/m2.

In the lighting design, the selected lighting scheme needs to check the power density value in addition to the illumination requirements. Lighting energy-saving design and application can start from the following aspects:

1, make full use of natural light and reasonable choice of electrical control switches

Solar energy is an inexhaustible source of energy. Making full use of solar energy can save energy and protect the environment.

1.1 First of all, the lighting ratio of the room or the area ratio of the lighting window should conform to the “Design Standard for Architectural Lighting”, and make full use of the reflectivity of the indoor light-receiving surface, which can effectively improve the utilization of light. For example, the reflection coefficient of the white wall can reach 70 to 80%, can play a role in energy saving.

1.2 It is also advisable to make full use of natural light in electrical control. When the light is strong, you can turn off some of the lamps near the window.

1.3 Under the conditions of technical and economic conditions, using various light guiding devices to introduce natural light into the room or using solar energy as the lighting power source is conducive to energy saving.

2. Select energy-saving light source that meets environmental functions

In the lighting design, different energy-saving and efficient light sources should be selected according to different use occasions. The following is a brief introduction to the selection principles and scope of application of several main light sources.

2.1 incandescent lamp

When lighting design, the amount of incandescent lamps should be minimized. Under normal circumstances, indoor and outdoor lighting should not use ordinary incandescent lamps. However, it cannot be completely canceled. This is because incandescent lamps have no electromagnetic interference, are easy to adjust, and are suitable for frequent switching. For places requiring instantaneous starting and continuous dimming, places where strict electromagnetic interference is required, and places with short lighting time are available. light source.

2.2 Fluorescent lamps

Fluorescent lamps are the most widely used and most widely used gas discharge sources. It has the advantages of simple structure, high luminous efficiency, soft illumination and long life, and is the preferred energy-saving light source.

2.2.1 Compact fluorescent lamp

It is recommended to replace the ordinary incandescent lamp with a compact fluorescent lamp. The compact fluorescent lamp can be connected to the ballast (electronic) to form an integrated monolithic lamp. It concentrates on the advantages of incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. It has high luminous efficiency, long life, good color rendering, energy saving, easy to use, and can be directly replaced with ordinary incandescent lamps. It is suitable for families, hotels, business halls, etc.

2.2.2 tubular fluorescent lamp

It is recommended to use a three-color thin-tube fluorescent lamp, such as a T8 with a diameter of 26 mm and a T5 with a diameter of 16 mm. Fluorescent lamps are mainly used for rooms with a height of 4m or less, such as offices, shopping malls, classrooms, public places, etc. The tri-color thin tube diameter fluorescent lamp has the characteristics of high luminous efficiency, long life and good color rendering.

2.2.3 Electrodeless fluorescent lamp

High efficiency, energy saving, no stroboscopic, eye protection, dimming, high power factor and long life. It is an ideal energy-saving and environmental protection light source. Adapt to the lighting of various factories and civil facilities.

2.3 High-intensity discharge lamp

Metal halide lamps and high pressure sodium lamps are also high intensity gas discharge lamps. Metal halide lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps of various specifications are used in various places with heights greater than 4.5m, such as airports, ports, roads, stadiums, large industrial workshops, subway stations, etc. due to their high luminous efficiency and long life. . The metal halide lamp has relatively high color rendering, and is more suitable for places with high requirements on lighting quality and illumination level, such as gymnasiums and competition venues. High-pressure sodium has high light efficiency, low price and poor color rendering, and is suitable for places where color rendering is not demanding.

3. Select energy-saving lamps and ballasts that meet the requirements of the specification

3.1 Efficient lighting

It is necessary to use high-efficiency light sources reasonably, and also to use high-efficiency lamps. The selection of lamps should meet the following requirements:

(1) Fluorescent lamps: The efficiency of open lamps should not be lower than 0.75, and the size of the light-shielding grille should be no less than 0.6.

(2) High-intensity gas discharge lamps: the efficiency of open-type lamps should not be lower than 0.75, and the size of the light-shielding grille should be no less than 0.6.

3.2 Choosing the right ballast

Ballasts for gas discharge lamps are mainly divided into two categories: electronic ballasts and magnetic ballasts.

3.2.1 The use of electronic ballasts to operate the lamp under high frequency conditions can improve the light efficiency of the lamp and reduce the loss of the ballast itself, which is conducive to energy saving, and the illumination is stable, eliminating stroboscopic and noise, which is beneficial to Improve lamp life. Fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts can reduce the total input power of the luminaire by 20%. The T5 thin-diameter fluorescent lamp with electronic ballast replaces the original T12 thick-tube fluorescent lamp with ordinary inductive ballast. It can be used for 8 hours per day and can save 23 degrees per year (excluding weekends). The energy saving effect is very impressive. .

3.2.2 Self-ballasted fluorescent lamps should be equipped with electronic ballasts. T8 thin-tube fluorescent lamps can be equipped with energy-saving inductive ballasts or electronic ballasts; T5 thin-tube fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts.

3.2.3 Inductive ballasts should use energy-saving type. The loss of common power ballast's own power accounts for about 20% of the lamp power. Energy-saving magnetic ballasts can reduce the power consumption of the ballast and make the total input of the lamps. Power is reduced by 10%.

3.2.4 High-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps shall be equipped with energy-saving magnetic ballasts.

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