introduction
This article refers to the address: http://
The integration of computer technology and modern communication technology into traditional household appliances has produced a new generation of home appliances-information appliances, which are consumer electronic products with information access, acquisition, storage, processing, and networking. The emergence of information appliances has broken only through The situation of accessing information online has heralded the advent of the post-PC era. There are several key technologies in the design of smart home systems that have always been the focus of research and discussion in the industry. Below I will list these key technologies and put forward their own views for your reference.
Formation of a home network
The internal networking of the home is mainly to solve the data transmission between various information appliances, and can transmit the incoming data of the external connection to the corresponding home appliance, and at the same time, can transmit the internal data to the external network. There are many solutions for home intranets, mainly wired and wireless.
Wired mode:
· X-10 and CEBUS of the electronic carrier;
· HomePNA of the telephone line;
· IEEE802.3 and 802.3u of Ethernet;
· Serial bus USB1.1, USB2.0 and IEEE1394.
Wireless mode:
· IEEE802.11a and IEEE802.11b for wireless local area networks;
· HomeRF for home RF technology;
· Bluetooth IEEE802.15;
· Infrared IrDA.
Reference factors for home networking technology:
· The complexity of connecting objects. There are high-speed data devices such as audio and video phones in the home network, medium-speed data devices such as refrigerators, washing machines, and PDAs. At the same time, there are also low-rate data devices such as three-sheet copying and fire-proof burglar alarms.
· Based on open standards. Includes openness to technical documentation and architecture.
· Compatible with a wide range of connection technologies.
· User needs. Low cost, easy to use, highly reliable, flexible and scalable, good compatibility, support for a variety of applications.
According to the analysis of the characteristics of the above technologies, the following conclusions can be drawn: a variety of networking technologies will coexist in the market, and various internal networking technologies will find their respective adaptation points. For entertainment applications, such as audio and video, the network is required to provide high bandwidth, real-time, and simultaneous transmission at a rate of 50 Mbps. USB 2.0 and IEEE 1394 on {HotTag} are the best choice.
For computing and data communication applications, such as microcomputers, white goods, voice services, etc., the transmission rate is required to be in the range of tens of kbps to tens of Mbps, and various technologies can satisfy the data transmission, but the wireless technology can avoid the trouble of rewiring, so best choice. For low-speed control applications in home automation, such as three-meter copy, anti-theft alarm, etc., the bandwidth requirement is within several tens of kbps, and the product position is dispersed, which is not conducive to rewiring, so power line and wireless coding technology are the best. select.
Use Jini technology and OSGI standards
The home network is a dynamic environment. When a new device is added to the home network, it should be recognized by other devices on the network, and it can also discover other devices on the network. In order to achieve plug-and-play and interconnection between devices, SUN introduced the JiNi technology. The purpose of JiNi is to combine groups of devices and software components into a single, dynamic distributed system. Based on the Java language, Jini is a middleware technology for services (including hardware resources and software resources) running on TCP/IP. On top of the protocol, running across platforms, independent of the underlying operating system and communication technology, devices can query and understand each other's functions. The home network does not require manual participation, and network settings can be automatically completed. Because Jini is very suitable for the home network environment, many manufacturers such as SONY, Philips, and Inprise have applied for the license of Jini. The application of Jini presents a thriving scene.
The Open Service Gateway Initiative (OSGI) was launched by IBM, HP, Philips, Sun and other telecom, computer and appliance giants. Its main function is to define an open standard for connecting business services on the Internet and next-generation smart appliances. OSGI has the advantages of platform independence, application independence, high security, multi-tasking, compatibility with different LAN protocols (such as Bluetooth, IEEE1394), and support for multiple device connection technologies (UPNP, Jini). The main components of the OSGI system include: service gateways, service providers, service integrators, gateway operators, wide area networks and local area networks, and connected devices.
Home gateway design issues
The core of the smart home system is the residential gateway, which provides bridging capabilities of different types and different structural subnets within the home, so that information appliances in these subnets can communicate with each other; Service providers are connected to provide real-time, two-way broadband access, while also providing the ability to block unauthorized access and attacks on home devices.
Implementation of the home gateway: It can be realized by information appliances (network refrigerator, set-top box) or by constructing a dedicated home gateway, and the dedicated home gateway has more development prospects.
· The function completed by the home gateway: The home gateway should be able to implement intranet interconnection, information storage, device monitoring, data calculation and 3W service and network security functions of the external network. · The hierarchical structure of the protocol of the home gateway: the first and second layer standards have been promulgated, and in practical applications, the third layer is a hot spot for industry research, and the fourth layer is the application layer, which can be based on the strength of the function. Customization, the fifth layer is the UI layer, including manual switch, remote control interface, general software interface, etc. Its simple and easy to use directly affects the performance of smart home systems, there is no unified standard.
Software design of home gateway
The real-time operating system is the core of the entire software system. It is responsible for process scheduling, storage management, device management, real-time monitoring, and provides drivers for hardware devices such as Bluetooth and IEEE1394 ADSL. On the real-time operating system layer, a TCP/IP module, an embedded database, a Chinese environment module, a graphical interface, and the like can be included. The API interface design includes the design of various middleware (HAVI, Jini, UPNP, OSGI, etc.) software. In order to meet the needs of users, various applications such as DVD players, browsers, home security, and three-sheet copying can be designed to achieve home security and entertainment.
Application agent technology in home network
The low cost, high quality and high reliability of network appliances are important conditions for the successful design of smart home systems. Agent technology is a successful application in this respect.
Agents can be run in the home server and connected to networks of different technologies with different private internet protocols. The whole control algorithm is decomposed into control agents for different situations. The task of each agent is simple and clear. When an agent is needed, it is transmitted to the controlled device, so the required memory space is very small.
Conclusion
At present, there are many research and design solutions for smart home systems. There are still many problems to be solved. If there is no unified interoperability specification, the integration of the network is more complicated, and there is no research on the specification of the home user interface, but with the continuous improvement of related technologies. Progress, it will certainly move toward the direction of scheduling intelligence, flexibility and interoperability, and thus enter the homes of ordinary people.
To satisfy the increasing demand of PoE for Fast Ethernet (FE) networking, N-net has developed this series of PoE FE switch. The Industrial Fast POE Media Converter, which provides 10/100BASE-TX 802.3af/ at PoE copper ports and uplink 10/100BASE-FX fiber port.
The industrial fast POE Media Converter supports 60-watt PoE budget to power up to 4 IEEE 802.3af (or 2 IEEE 802.3 at) compliant powered devices simultaneously. The PoE features make an efficient and cost-effective solution for SMB, SOHO or other similar fields where there is deployment of PoE network for the wireless access points, IP-based surveillance cameras or IP phones anywhere else.
Industrial Gigabit Ethernet Switch
Industrial Gigabit Ethernet Switch,Industrial Ethernet Switch,Gigabit Ethernet Switch,Industrial Ethernet Switch,Industrial Slim Type Unmanaged Gigabit Switch, Industrial 10/100/1000M Ethernet Switch
Shenzhen N-net High-Tech Co.,Ltd , http://www.nnetswitch.com