Basic professional audio technicians necessary manual

Foreword: [At present, there are about 200,000 people engaged in grassroots audio work, distributed in different jobs (business conference rooms, multi-functional entertainment halls, cultural service centers at all levels, small theater groups, community activity centers, etc. ). With the improvement of people's artistic appreciation level, the performance of the grassroots performance activities is getting higher and higher. Since most of the professional audio technicians at the grassroots level are "half-way", there is no systematic study, and the audio equipment purchased by the grassroots units is limited, so that various problems arise during the performance. In a grassroots performance, audio technicians are responsible for the trust of leaders, their ability to work, and the affirmation of attitudes. This article is aimed at the problems frequently encountered by audio technicians in the grass-level performances. Here, the workflow is described in a concise manner, hoping to help the grassroots professional audio workers.

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Outdoor Performance
First, received the performance task
1. Ask the person in charge about the purpose of the performance, the type of program, whether there is rehearsal;
2. Check equipment, wire and accessories (can be used normally);
3, purchase related items (such as: wireless microphone battery, number stickers, etc.).
Second, on-site installation
1, the power supply is determined, pay attention to avoid sharing with the lighting power;
2, the position of the main console: as far as possible on the side of the front of the stage, and can hear the clear range of the amplified signal is appropriate;
3, the speaker arrangement method, according to the specific space of the audience area to design (can be centralized or decentralized);
4, the line distribution, pay attention to the weak signal line and do not walk with the strong signal line.
Third, the sound system test
1. After confirming that the connection lines of each device are properly connected, check whether the push rods and knobs of each device are in the correct position. Then power on, visually check whether the power of each device is powered;
2. Turn off the power amplifier volume output potentiometer and play a familiar music signal (adjusted in the parameter balance of the mixer). Push the total output of the mixer (return output) to 0db, and push the signal channel to 0db. Adjust the gain so that the mixer output level indicator is at 0db (the best signal output state). Check whether the signal indicators of the mixer, each peripheral, and the amplifier are displayed normally.
3. Slowly turn on the volume potentiometer of the amplifier (repeating each amplifier), check whether the corresponding speaker is normally amplified (and check whether each unit is normal);
4. Pull down the total output of the mixer (return output), the volume potentiometer of all the amplifiers is turned to the maximum, and then the total output volume of the mixer and the volume of the listening volume are slowly pushed to 0db. Check whether the sound reinforcement is balanced (whether the phase is normal) in the audience area (and the stage), and judge whether the sound pressure of the music signal is sufficient in each position of the audience area (and the stage);
Fourth, the sound source part of the test
1. The first accompaniment music channel test: adjust the parameter balance of the mixer's music signal channel, listen to the second tone signal, and determine the high, medium and low level of the range.
2. The first vocal microphone channel test: adjust the parameter balance of the mixer's music signal channel, check the microphone pickup sensitivity, observe the mixer signal indicator, and when the signal reaches a certain sound pressure, add the reverb effect and Accompaniment music is initially debugged with singing voice or voice to determine the approximate proportion of vocals, music, and effects.
Fifth, the adjustment of audio processing equipment
1. Equalizer adjustment: (The most critical adjustment link of the entire audio system is also here) The equalizer has two important functions to compensate for the imbalance of the frequency response caused by the sound field defect. One is to adjust the tone, and the other is to suppress the acoustic feedback. Howling. The adjustment of the outdoor venue equalizer should be done to ensure that the tone is not adjusted. The method is as follows: adjust the main amplification and returning system to the normal volume position (the sound pressure required during the performance), adjust the equalizer frequency to 0db, and control the microphone channel fader at any time (so that when the howling sound appears) Pull down for frequency attenuation).
1. Hold a microphone and walk around on the stage to find the frequency of whistling one by one.
2. Place the microphone on a certain position on the stage (simulating the position that the actor will arrive when performing).
For the main speaker (return box), slowly turn on the volume of the microphone and look for the howling point.
Write down the frequency of the whistle that is found, and after attenuating to the normal volume, no more whistling occurs, and the timbre compensation of the vocal and music signals is started for the second time. (After the equalizer is adjusted, the tone will be greatly changed. At this time, according to the needs of the performance and the feeling of listening, with the parameter balance of the mixer and other peripheral equipment, the secondary adjustment of careful and patience is carried out. Until you feel satisfied.
2. Adjustment of the limiter: It has two important functions: one is to reduce the dynamic range of the program source, to prevent signal overload and distortion, and to protect the power amplifier and the speaker unit. The second is to improve the loudness of the program (the auditory characteristics can be clearly felt). In outdoor small and medium-sized performances, it is recommended to adjust as follows: the noise gate is placed between open and -20 db, the compression threshold level is between -10db and 0db, the compression ratio is placed at 2:1, and the action time is placed. 10ms, release time is set to 0.3s. (Specific adjustments should be based on the needs of the on-site system and performance.)
3, the adjustment of the effect: with the human voice, adjust a variety of independent, mixed effects program, audition audition one by one, record the program that can be used in the performance, determine its signal input and output, select 1 ~ 3 suitable The effect can be transferred from the machine at any time during the performance according to the needs of the site.

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